Exhaust pipe



July 13 1926. 1, 7 T. E. LAYDEN EXHAUST PIPE Filed Nov. 22. 1924 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Inintor 33 gg E v f T. E. LAYDEN' Sheets-Sheet 2 EXHAUSTPIPE Filed Nov. 22. 1924 III- III

III

Patented July 13, 1925.

cairn rarest THOMAS E. LAYDEN, 6F TOPEKA, KANSAS.

EXHAUST PIPE.

Application filed November 22, 1924. Serial No. 751,536.

7 My invention relates to exhaust pipes more particularly for use inconnection with locomotive boilers and cylinders; and the invention hasfor its object the provision of an exhaust pipe which will eliminate allpossibility of the exhaust steam backing up into the exhaust passagesleading from the opposite steam-chests and cylinders of the locomotive;namely a construction which will prevent the possibility of backpressure being created in the opposite cylinders of the locomotive orengine.

The invention also has for its object the provision of an exhaust pipewhich, aside from preventing the creation of back pressure, will at thesame time discharge the exhaust steam in such manner, relative to thesmoke stack, as to properly till the stack to create sufficient draughtso as to enable the boiler to produce the amount of steam necessary tooperate the locomotive efiiciently and to greater capacity.

The above enumerated objects and advantages, as well as other objectsand advantages inherent in the construction, will all be more fullycomprehended from the following detailed description of the accompanyingdrawings, wherein Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view of the frontor smoke box end of a locomotive with my improved exhaust pipe inposition.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the front or smoke box endof the locomotive, with the steam chests and cylinders omitted, and myimproved exhaust pipe shown in side elevation.

Figure 3 is a detailed vertical sectional view taken on the line 33 ofFigure 2 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure l is a detail sectional view taken on the oilset line H of Figure3 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 5 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 5 -5of Figure 4Llooking downwardly. v

Figure 6 is a; cross sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of Figure 4looking in the direction of the arrows.-

on the line. 8--=8 ofFigure 10oking down Waldly,

Figure 7 is a across sectional view taken Figure 9 is a perspective viewof the exhaust pipe tip, with portions broken away to show the internalconstruction.

My improved exhaust pipe is designed to permit a complete and easyexhaustion of the exhaust steam from the respective cylinders, or ratherthe steam chests of the cylinders, without, however, permitting theexhaust steam from the exhaust channels of the cylinder on one side ofthe locomotive to back up into the exhaust passages from the steam chestor cylinder on the opposite side. of the locomotive, while at the sametime conducting the exhaust steam centrally and completely through thesmoke stack of the locomotive so as to create suflicient draught wherebysteam in the boiler may be quickly obtained and therefore enable thelocomotive to operate more efiiciently and to a greater capacity.

The specific exemplification of the invention as disclosed in thedrawings comprises the exhaust pipe generally indicated at 15 which ispreferably provided at its bottom with a flange 16 whereby the exhaustpipe may be bolted or suitably secured to the cylinder saddle indicatedat 17; the cylinder saddle being provided with the usual exhaustchannels 18 and 19 which communicate with the valve-chambers orsteam-chests 20 and 21, respectively, and which in turn communicate bythe usual valved ports with the cylinders 22 and 23, respectively.

The exhaust pipe 15 is provided in the lower end with a substantiallycentrally located short vertical partition or wall 24; extendingtransversely of the exhaust pipe and terminating in an upwardly slopingportion 25 which extends toward and constitutes a. portion of one of theside walls of the exhaust pipe as shown in Figures 3 and 7. The wallportions 24, 25 provide a substantially rectangular steam passage 26 atthe bottom of the pipe (see Figure 5) which (in the particularillustration) communicates with the steam channel 18. This steam passage26 in the upper part, of the exhaust pipe extends transverselythroughout the width of the-exhaust pipe at arpoint beneath the exhaustpipe tip 27 The upwardly sloping portion 25 is disposed intermediate ofand also formed integral withthe curved a d shrine par ions 28x28 hi a ethe oppositely curved portioiis 29,

which extend transversely of the wall portion Q-l and unite at one sideof the pipe to constitute one of the outer side walls as shown at 29 inFigure '7. These curved portions 2-9, 22) are in spaced relation andthus provide exhaust passage with an hour-glass formation, see Figure 7.

Extending upward in a sloping manner from the wall portion 2% and onboth sides of the partitions 29, 29 and in reality constituting acontinuation of the partitions 28 are the portions 28, 28, which extendsubstantially at right angles to the portions 29 'lhese port-ions 28,28, which extend up from wall. portion 2stare integral vith the twoouter side walls 30, 30 which unite with an outer side wall Ill. Thisside wall 51, which partially slopes inwardly, is partially intersectedby the sloping partitien 25 as shown in Figure T.

Th wall and artition lei-nation described provide the lower partof thee);- haust pipe with the exhaust pt I which is disposed substantiallyparallel with the bottom of the passage 25 and of substantially equaldimensions th rewith as more clearly shown in Figure 5.

As shown in Figure 7, the various outer walls and partitions, all ofwhich are integral with each other and emanate from the r ctangular wallformation shown in Fig ure 5, ause the exhaust pas to be diviued intothe two passages 33, 33, on opposite sides of the exhaust gassage 26 seeFigure '7.

The *arious outer walls and partitions all unite with the aperturul topwall or partition ill, see liigure S: the top wall having' openingscorrespondi with the various exhaust passages previously described; andthe top is preferably extended beyond the side walls to i'rovide anattaching flange 135 which is shouhlc t 3:3 to receive l1? exhaust pipelip 27: the latter otherwise secured to exhaust pipe tip 27 ot' a coredblock to .rovide th open ngs or nozz es 3e. 36 and 0. 31. passages inthe exhaust tip 27 are tlared toward the bottom and thus provide anintermediate bridge 38 adapted to extend across the partitions 29. seeFigure at. The bridge 38 tapers toward the bottom, with two of its sidesgiven a greater bevel or taper as shown in Figure thereby providing theinverted cone-shape in cross-section, whereby the steam passing throughexhaust passage. 26 (which extends transversely of the exhaust pipe) issplit or divided and caused to discharge through the nozzles 36, 36,namely into the two steam jets shown at 39, 39 in Figure l, whichdischarge more or less centrally into the smoke stack and completelytill the same; while the steam issuing from pip The the form restrictedThe s shown in the openings or nozzles 3T, 3? will be discharged in theform oi tl e jets l0, l0, shown in Figure 2 and also in a manner to completely till the smoke stack, with the result that the exhaust steamwill induce proper d ht through the lire tubes of the boiler.

it ith my improved exhaust pipe it is apparent that the exhaust steammay freely liow fro 1 ti e exhaust passages of the cyl- SitlLlG' theexhaust steam, in the paration, from. the steam passage being dividedinto sepier end of the exhaust rant-4, as for example by 38 ot theexhaust tip or exhaust sic-:m from the irged into the passage 3; 2epartitions and wal s is the two pa sages 33 at the exhaust pipe andthence sizzles 37, 3? ol the exhaust i my in'iproved exhaust pipe, atonly permitted 'l'ree flow iaust pipe, but possibility of exhaust steamfrom the cylinder on one side of the locomotive to back up into thesteam passages from the cylinder opposite side of the locomotive is eabsolutely impossib c, as there is no l the exhaust passage 32 and itsllliilflltfi as is clearly evident from the coni ction shown. Thiscoi'istruction, thereire, eliminates all possibility of the creation ofback pressure in the opposite exhaust els n aware that exhaust pipeshave been I rte the back pressure due cam illlfflmilfi' up" in theopposite exiaunels, hut these exhaust pipes are a construction that theexhaust steal does not properly ill the smoke stat-l: and as a resultthe draft created was not sullicieul to enable the boiler to produce thesteam neccs to operate the locomotive elliciently or to full capacity.

The exhaust pipe most commonly used is constructed with a partition wallwhich keeps the txhaust steam of each cylinder separated merely to apoint midway of the exhaust pipe and the exhaust pipe above thepartition has a single passage which is reduced toward the top for thepurpose of imparting: force and velocity to the exhaust steam tor thepurpose oi" inducing the draft. This reduction or n rrowing' of thepassage, however, causes the exhaust steam to back up" into the oppositeexhaust channel and thence to the piston on that side of the locomotive,where it interferes with or reduces the effective force.

lVith my improved exhaust pipe, however, the exhaust steam from onecylinder is not permitted to back up into the exhaust channel andpassages of the opposite cylinder, but on the other hand is completelyconducted out through the smoke stack in a central manner.

I have shown and described the passage 26 as receiving the exhaust steamfrom the channel 18 and passage 32 as receiving the steam from channel19, but it is apparent that the exhaust pipe may be turned so as toreverse this condition; and while my exhaust pipe has been shownconducting the exhaust steam through the exhaust pipe tip by twoseparate passages for either end of each cylinder, it is evident thatany number of passages or nozzles may be employed; and that the divisionof the steam passing up ward through passage 26 may be diii erentlyaccomplished at the upper end of the exhaust pipe from that disclosed,without, however, departing from the spirit of my inven tion which hasbeen described in terms of description and not in terms of limitation,as structural modifications are possible.

Vhat I claim is 1. An exhaust pipe provided with partitions whereby thepipe interior is divided into. a plurality of independent passagesthroughout the length of the pipe, said partitions being so formed thatone of said passages terminates in an opening disposet transversely ofthe upper end of the pipe while the other passage terminates in openingsdisposed on opposite sides of the median line of the opening of saidfirst mentioned passage.

2. An exhaust pipe provided with partitions extending from bottom to topWhereby the pipe is divided into a plurality of independent passagesextending throughout the length of the pipe, said partitions being soformed as to have one passage extend diametrically of the pipe while theother passage is bisected and terminates in an opening on each side ofthe median line of the first mentioned passage, and a removable tipprovided with tapered openings, one pair of openings communicating witheach passage in the pipe whereby the exhaust steam from each passage isdis charged in the form of two oppositely disposed jets.

3. An exhaust pipe provided with partitions whereby the pipe is dividedinto separate passages, each passage being adapted to receive theexhaust steam from a different cylinder, and a tip provided with aplurality of separate tapered passages, the oppositely disposed tippassages exhausting the steam from a single pipe passage whereby thesteam fiowing through the passages oi the pipe is simultaneouslydischarged in the term of two oppositely disposed jets.

4. An exhaust pipe provided with intersecting walls whereby a pluralityof inde pendent passages throughout the pipe are provided from top tobottom, terminating at top in discharge openings, the opening of onepassage being disposed transversely of the pipe and restricted at anintermediate point while the other openings are disposed on oppositesides of the restricted portion of the first mentioned opening.

5. An exhaust pipe'provided with intersecting walls and partitionswhereby a plurality of independent passages throughout the pipe areprovided, terminating at top in discharge openings, the opening o1 onepassage being disposed along the transverse axis of the upper end of thepipe while the other openings are disposed on opposite sides of thefirst mentioned openmg.

6. An exhaust pipe provided with a-plu rality of independent passagesextending throughout the length of the pipe, the passages at the base ofthe pipe being arranged parallel with each other and terminating at theupper end of the pipe in orifices disposed along the transverse axis ofthe pipe and on opposite sides of said transverse axis, and a tipprovided with a plurality of tapered openings, one pair of openingscommunicating with each pipe passage whereby the exhaust steam from eachpassage is discharged in the form of two oppositely disposed jets.

THOMAS E. LAYDEN.

